Rondeletia L. is a member of the Rubiaceae. It is represented in the Greater Antilles with 97 species, the majority of which grow in Cuba (65 spp.), where all are endemics of this country. The genus also occurs in Jamaica with 16 species, Hispaniola (15 spp.) and Puerto Rico (1 sp.). The genus is characterized by a great interspecific morphological variability, with Rondeletia odorata Jacq. and R. inermis Standl. being very good examples of this phenomenon. In order to better understand the genus taxonomically and to group the species in a natural form, 10 sections are proposed: Odoratae, Rigidae, Nipenses, Calophyllae, Pedicellares, Rondeletia, Lindenianae, Leoninae, Chamebuxifoliae and Hypoleucae. These sections are exclusively in Cuba. Seven other groups of species occur in Cuba and the others islands of the Greater Antilles.