Brodriguesia santosii - A legume in the Caesalpiniaceae, this small tree is restricted to four municipalities in coastal southern Bahia, north of the Rio de Contas.

Harleyodendron unifoliolatum - A legume in the Fabaceae, this understory tree is known only from four municipalities from Itacaré to Una.

Ruellia affinis - This vine or scandent shrub in the Acanthaceae is endemic to Bahia and is most characteristic of moist forests.

Pavonia cauliflora - The type locality of this rare Malvaceous shrub is Ilhéus, where it can still be found.  It is also known from forests in Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina.

Pavonia morii - This rare shrub in the Malvaceae is only known from collections made in and around the Reserva Biologica de Una in southern Bahia.

Caesalpinia echinata - This legume tree is the national tree of Brazil and its common name (pau brasil) is the origin of the name of the country.  A coastal forest endemic originally found from Rio Grande do Norte south to São Paulo and inland, the species was almost logged to extinction by the Portuguese colonists for its deep red wood which provided, in addition to timber, a prized analine dye.