Vaccinium consanguineum Klotzsch, Linnaea 24: 64.  1861.  Type.  Panama.  Chiriquí: Volcán Chiriquí, Warscewicz s.n. (holotype, B†, photo seen, MO).
     
    Vaccinium irazuense Sleumer, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 12: 138.  1934.  Vaccinium consanguineum Klotzsch var. irazuense (Sleumer) Sleumer, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 126.  1936.  Type.  Costa Rica.  Cartago:  Lava-fields of Volcán Irazú, C. Hoffman 140 (holotype, B†, fragments US).


        Shrubs or small trees (0.5-)1-3(-4) m tall, often compact and densely bushy with stiff, rigid, glabrous to densely puberulent branchlets.  Leaves persistent, mostly narrowly to broadly elliptic, occasionally oblong, (1.0-)1.5-3(-4.6) x 0.5-1.2(-1.8) cm, usually 2-3 times as long as wide, usually tapering to an acute apex and base, margins thickened, shallowly serrulate with teeth mostly (1-)2-4 mm apart, each tooth often tipped with a darkish glandular callosity, glabrous or with scattered glandular trichomes beneath and moderately puberulous along the midvein;  pinnately veined;  petioles 1.5-3 mm long, glabrous or puberulent.  Inflorescence axillary, racemose, mostly 1-4 cm long;  rachis sharply angled, puberulent;  floral bracts scarious, slightly puberulent or ciliate, ovate to oblong, 2-3 mm long;  pedicels puberulent, 1-2 mm long;  bracteoles subopposite, ovate to oblong, scarious, ciliate but otherwise glabrous, entire to sparingly irregularly and minutely toothed, 1.5-3 mm long.  Flowers with the calyx sharply articulated with the pedicel;  hypanthium campanulate, glabrous, 1-1.6 mm long;  limb 0.5-0.7 mm long;  lobes 4, deltoid to broadly ovate, apically ciliate but otherwise glabrous, 0.8-1.5 mm long;  corolla cylindric, 5-7.5 mm long and 3-4 mm diam., glabrous, creamy white with tinges of red or pink, the lobes 4, oblong, 1-1.7 mm long;  stamens 8;  filaments 3-4 mm long, ciliate;  anthers granular papillate;  thecae 1.5-1.8 mm long, each with a tubule and 2 spurs, the spurs slender, hornlike, ascendent, originating from near the apex of the thecae, 0.2-0.6 mm long;  tubules 1.2-1.8 mm long, dehiscing by an introrse cleft 0.5-0.7 mm long.  Berry reddish to blackish purple at maturity, globose, 5-6 mm in diam.

        Distribution.  Costa Rica and W Panama.