Neotropical Tree Species and Their Faunas of Xylophagous Longicorns (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in French Guiana Gérard Tavakilian, Amy Berkov, Barbara Meurer-Grimes and Scott Mori..................................................303 Chemistry of Cerambycid Host Plants. Part I: Survey of Leguminosae- A Study in Adaptive Radiation Barbara Meurer-Grimes and Gérard Tavakilian........................356 New Books Received.....................................................395
Neotropical Tree Species and Their Faunas of Xylophagous Longicorns (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
in French Guiana
Gérard Tavakilian Amy Berkov
ORSTOM Graduate School of the City University of New York
Laboratoire d'Entomologie forestiére Department of Biological Sciences
Centre de Cayenne, B.P. 165 Lehman College, The City University of New York
97323 Cayenne Cedex, France 250 Bedford Park Blvd. West
Bronx, NY 10468, U.S.A.
Barbara Meurer-Grimes (1) Scott Mori
Department of Biological Sciences Institute of Systematic Botany
Lehman College The New York Botanical Garden
The City University of New York Bronx, NY 10458-5126, U.S.A
250 Bedford Park Blvd. West
Bronx, NY 10468, U.S.A.
(1) Current address: Plant Cell Biology Research Center, The School of Botany,
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
I. Abstract
II. Introduction
III. Methods and Materials
A. Sinnamary River Basin Study Site
B. Rearing Experiments
C. Additional Data
IV. Results and Discussion
A. Classification of Host Specificity
B. Beetle Guilds of Abundantly Represented Plant Taxa
1. Moraceae
2. Malvales
3. Lecythidaceae
4. Sapotaceae
5. Fabales
6. Apocynaceae
7. Latex-Producing Plants
V. Conclusions
VI. Acknowledgments
VII. Literature Cited
I. Abstract
Estimates of the total number of species in existence are based, in part, upon
assumptions about the host specificity of tropical insects. These estimates are
difficult to evaluate because there is so little data available describing the
host-plant affiliations of tropical insects. Over a three-year period, 690
trees in the Sinnamary River Basin of French Guiana were felled and investigated
for their associated cerambycid fauna. These trees (belonging to approximately 200
species representing 38 plant families) ultimately gave rise to 334 species of
cerambycids. One-quarter of these beetle species had not yet been described, and
hundreds of previously unknown host-plant associations were documented. These
data are presented in a table which also includes the results of additional rearing
experiments in French Guiana, as well as selected literature references. Organized
by host-tree family, the table facilitates the circumscription of beetle guilds
occurring on related hosts. Abundantly represented plant families typically gave
rise to faunas including numerous taxonomically unrelated beetles. The beetle
guilds associated with different plant families had very different ratios of
specialist: generalist species. The majority of the specialists successfully
reproduced in related tree species belonging to a particular plant family; only
a few cerambycid species appear to depend exclusively on a single host. These
data contribute to an understanding of host specificity and host fidelity in
tropical insects. Click Here to Go to Back to Top
Chemistry of Cerambycid Host Plants. Part I: Survey of Leguminosae-
A Study in Adaptive Radiation
Barbara Meurer-Grimes (1) Gérard Tavakilian
Department of Biological Sciences ORSTOM
Lehman College Laboratoire d'Entomologie forestière
The City University of New York Centre de Cayenne, B.P. 165
250 Bedford Park Blvd. West 97323 Cayenne Cédex, FRANCE
Bronx, NY 10468, U.S.A.
(1) Current address: Plant Cell Biology Research Center, The School of Botany,
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
I. Abstract/Zusammenfassung
II. Introduction
III. Material and Methods
A. Collection of Wood Samples
B. Extraction
C. Partial Purification of Extracts
D. Analysis of DCM-phases
E. Analysis of Water-Phases II and Methanol-Phases
IV. Results and Discussion
A. Phytochemical Analysis
B. Taxonomy of Leguminosae Host Plants
C. Cerambycidae
D. Phytochemical Patterns and Patterns of Host Specificity
1. Swartzieae
2. Bauhinia
3. Cassieae and Caesalpinieae
4. Detarieae and Amherstieae
5. Mimosaceae
6. Andira-Hymenolobium-Acosmium Group
7. Machaerium-Paramachaerium Group
8. Dipteryxeae
9. Other Fabaceae
E. Leguminosae Compared to Other Plant Families
F. Taxonomic Relationships within Longicorn Guilds
V. Conclusions
VI. Summary
VII. Acknowledgments
VIII. Literature Cited
I. Abstract
Eighty wood samples representing 51 taxa in 33 genera of Leguminosae were collected
in the Sinnamary River Basin in Northern French Guiana and evaluated for their fauna
of long-horned beetles (Cerambycidae)and their phytochemical constituents. The
cerambycid fauna was assessed using cut branches and trunks that were continuously
observed for emerging beetles. Phytochemical patterns were determined in partially
purified methanolic extracts that were obtained from wood and bark of the same
branches and trunks using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-pressure
liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was found that small groups of taxonomically
related and often phytochemically similar plant species serve as host plants for
small and well-defined longicorn guilds. Members of longicorn guilds are usually
not taxonomically related. Host-plant chemistry appears to play a role in
resource allocation among longicorn guilds in this lowland neotropical rainforest.
These findings are discussed in reference to theories on coevolution and adaptive
radiation in plant-insect associations.
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Zusammenfassung
Insgesamt achtzig Holzproben, die im Becken des Sinnamary im nördlichen Französisch
Guiana von 51 Taxa der Leguminosen entnommen wurden und insgesamt 33 Gattungen
repräsentieren, wurden in Hinblick auf ihre Langhornkäferfauna (Cerambycidae)
und ihre phytochemischen Eigenschaften untersucht. Gefällte Stämme wurden über
die Dauer von vier Monaten hinweg beobachtet, um die schlüpfenden Langhornkäfer
zu identifizieren. Die phytochemischen Profile wurden mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie
(DC) und Hochdruckflüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC) von methanolischen Extrakten
charakterisiert, die von den Holzproben der frisch gefällten Stämmen angefertigt wurden.
Die Resultate dieser Untersuchung zeigen, dass kleinere Gruppen taxonomisch verwandter
und oft phytochemisch ähnlicher Leguminosenarten als Wirtspflanzen für kleine, aber gut
beschreibbare Langhornkafersippen dienen. Die Arten dieser Langhornkäfersippen zeigen
oft keinerlei taxonomische Verwandtschaft. Daher kann angenommen werden, dass die
phytochemischen Profile der Wirtspflanzen eine wichtige Rolle in der Nutzung und
Erkennung von potentiellen Wirtspflanzen in diesem tiefliegenden Neotropischen
Regenwald spielen. Diese Resultate werden im Hinblick auf die Theorie der Coevolution
und der adaptive Kolonisierung von Wirtspflanzen diskutiert.
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THE BOTANICAL REVIEW thanks the publishers who have provided books for this listing.
Publishers wishing to have their books considered for inclusion in this list should
write to THE BOTANICAL REVIEW/New Books Received,
The New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, NY 10458-5126.
Bessette, Alan E., Arleen R. Bessette, and David W. Fischer. 1997. Mushrooms of
Northeastern North America. (ISBN: 0-8156-2707-6 cloth; 0-8156-0388-6 paper). xiv,
582 pp. (Syracuse University Press, 1600 Jamesville Ave., Syracuse, NY 13244-5160).
Price: $95.00 cloth; $45.00 paper.
Chase, A. R. 1997. Foliage Plant Diseases: Diagnosis and Control. (ISBN: 0-89054-179-5).
168 pp. (APS Press, 3340 Pilob Knob Road, St. Paul, MN 55121-2097). Price: $69.00 US;
$85.00 non-US.
Differentially Expressed Genes in Plants: A Bench Manual/ed. E. Hansen and G. Harper.
1997. (ISBN: 0-7484-0421-X). xi, 139 pp. (Taylor & Francis, 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101,
Bristol, PA 19007-1598). Price: $49.95.
European Garden Flora. Vol. 5: Dicotyledons (Part III). 1997. (ISBN: 0-521-42096-2).
xix, 646 pp. (Cambridge University Press, 40 W. 20th St., New York, NY 10011-4211).
Price: $155.00 cloth.
Flora of North America North of Mexico/ed. Flora of North America Editorial Committee.
Vol. 3: Magnoliophyta: Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae. 1997. (ISBN: 0-19-511246-6).
xxiii, 590 pp. (Oxford University Press, 198 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016).
Price: $85.00 cloth.
Henderson, Andrew, Gloria Galeano, and Rodrigo Bernal. 1997. Field Guide to the
Palms of the Americas. Paperback ed. (ISBN: 0-691-01600-3). 352 pp. (Princeton
University Press, 41 William St., Princeton, NJ 08540). Price: $29.95 paper.
Karban, Richard and Ian T. Baldwin. 1997. Induced Responses to Herbivory. (ISBN:
0-226-42495-2 cloth; 0-226-42496-0 paper). ix, 319 pp. (University of Chicago Press,
11030 S. Langley Ave., Chicago, IL 60628). Price: $44.00 cloth; $17.95 paper.
Kricher, John. 1997. A Neotropical Companion: An Introduction to the Animals, Plants,
and Ecosystems of the New World Tropics. 2nd ed., revised and expanded. (ISBN:
0-691-04433-3). xvi, 451 pp. (Princeton University Press, 41 William St., Princeton,
NJ 08540). Price: $29.95 cloth.
Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The Plant-Book. 2nd ed. (ISBN: 0-521-4142-0). xvi, 858 pp.
(Cambridge University Press, 40 W. 20th St., New York, NY 10011-4211).
Price: $49.95 cloth.
Molecular Approach to Primary Metabolism in Higher Plants/ed. Christine H. Foyer
and W. Paul Quick. 1997. (ISBN: 0-7484-0419-8). xx, 347 pp. (Taylor & Francis, 1900
Frost Rd., Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007). Price: $34.95 paper.
Pakenham, Thomas. 1997. Meetings with Remarkable Trees. (ISBN: 0-679-45692-9). 1st
U.S.A. ed. [Originally published in the U.K., 1996, by George Weidenfeld & Nicolson
London. 191 pp. (Random House, 201 E. 50th St., New York, NY 10022).
Price: $40.00 cloth.
Plant Breeding Reviews/ed. Jules Janick. Volume 15. 1997. (ISBN: 0-471-18904-9).
ix, 395 pp. (John Wiley & Sons, 605 Third Ave., New York, NY 10158).
Price: $145.00 cloth.
Science on the Texas Frontier: Observations of Dr. Gideon Lincecum/ed. Jerry Bryan
Lincecum, Edward Hake Phillips, and Peggy A. Redshaw. 1997. (ISBN: 0-89096-768-7
cloth; 0-89096-790-3 paper). xii, 211 pp. (Texas A&M University Press, Drawer C,
College Station, TX 77843-4354). Price: $35.00 cloth; $17.95 paper.
Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira): Physiology, Cell-biology and Biotechnology/ed.
Avigad Vonshak, ed. 1997. (ISBN: 0-7484-0674-3). xvii, 233 pp. (Taylor & Francis,
1900 Frost Rd., Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007). Price: $95.00 cloth.
Stubbendieck, James, Stephan L. Hatch, and Charles H. Butterfield. 1997. 5th ed.
(ISBN: 0-8032-4260-3 cloth; 0-8032-9243-0 paper). xv, 501 pp. (University of
Nebraska Press, 312 N. 14th St., Lincoln, NE 68588-0484).
Price: $45.00 cloth; $25.00 paper. Click Here to Go to Back to Top